Tsai Lun
Written communication has been the center of civilization for centuries and our important records are on paper. Although writing has been around for a long time, paper has not.
Actually putting thoughts down in written form was not always easy or practical. The ancients discovered simple drawings on th
e walls of caves. The Sumerians did around 4000 B.C. but it still was not practical because of its weight.
The word "paper" is came from the word "papyrus," which a plant was found in Egypt along the lower Nile River. About 5,000 years ago, Egyptians created "sheets" of papyrus by harvesting, peeling and slicing the plant into strips. The strips were then layered, pounded together and smoothed to make a flat, uniform sheet.
For about 3,000 years no changes in writing materials. Ts'ai Lun, a Chinese man who had invented paper. He lived and served as an official at the Chinese Imperial Court at the Han Dynasty in China at about 1800 years ago. In or about the year 105 A.D., he presented Emperor Han Ho Ti with samples of paper.
He took the inner bark of a mulberry tree and bamboo fibers, mixed them with water, and pounded them with a wooden tool. Then he poured this mixture onto a flat piece of coarsely woven cloth and let the water drain through, leaving only the fibers on the cloth. Once dry, Ts'ai Lun discovered that he had created a quality writing surface that was relatively easy to make and lightweight. This knowledge of papermaking was used in China before word was passed along to Korea, Samarkand, Baghdad, and Damascus.
Tsai, Lun was a eunuch. Because he was an officer, he had the access to lots of resources, including money and human resources, for papermaking research. He was promoted by the Emperor for his invention and became wealthy. Later he got involved in palace intrigue, which led to his downfall. Finally he ended his life drinking poison.
It's hard to imagine how the world be like without paper. Today, paper is the most commonly used materials in human life, not just as a medium of communication. Tsai, Lun's contribution to civilization is priceless. (Rini Ritti)
The Biography of Bruce Lee
Birth Name
Bruce Lee Jun Fan Yuen Kam
Date of Birth
27 November 1940, San Francisco, California, USA
Date of Death
20 July 1973, Hong Kong (cerebral edema)
Height
5' 7½" (1.71 m)
Trivia
Died of brain edema in Hong Kong at age 32.
He is considered the greatest martial artist of the 20th century.
Personal Quotes
· Absorb what is useful, Discard what is not, Add what is uniquely your own.
· Knowing is not enough; we must apply. Willing is not enough; we must do.
· A teacher is never a giver of truth - he is a guide, a pointer to the truth that each student must find for himself. A good teacher is merely a catalyst.
· When an opportunity in a fight presents itself, "I" don't hit, "it" hits all by itself.
· Empty your mind. Become formless and shapeless like water. When water is poured into a cup, it becomes the cup. When water is poured into a teapot, it becomes the teapot. Be water, my friend. (Winda)
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